Elemene uʻamea e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le uʻamea-pulu mūmū

O vaega o le aloi e faʻapipiʻi i le uʻamea mumu efuefu e mafai ona vili i le fa aofia i vaega e fa, e aofia ai vaega o le grafitization, vaega o le carburizing, vaega e tausia le bead ma vaega faʻamalamalamaina.
I le faiga o le suiga o le laupapa uʻamea, o le carbon, silicon, alumini, sufa, kopa ma le nickel e iai se tautalaga i le faamalosia o le faʻavae o le graphite, e mafai ona manatu o i latou o elemene graphite. however, e eseese tele le faʻatinoina o le elemene, e tusa ai ma le faataitaiga, e about 20% o silicon le kopa. E fa'apea fo'i, o le nickel ma le kopa e iai ni matafaioi lua: e fa'amalosia le graphitization i le taimi o le si'osi'omaga co-crystal; e taofi le graphitization i le taimi o le si'osi'oma co-crystal, e fesoasoani e fa'avae atili le fa'afa'ava o le agava'a, o le mea lea e mafai fo'i ona ta'uina atu o ia o se elemene malutu.
O fa'avae i luga o le titanium e fa'aleagaga foi. I le fa'avae i le masani ai, o le titanium o se elemeni malosi e mafai ona aofia ai carbides, ae i le taimi e matua itiiti ai le 'ai (e.g.<0.08%), its fine compounds can be used as the core of graphite, has the role of promoting graphitization.
O le tin, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, ma niobium e mafai ona faʻaumatia le fa'avevesi'ina ma le atina'eina o le graphite, e fesoasoani i le fa'ata'ita'iga o carburns, ma e uma ona 'o'o i elemene palena o carburns. O le aafiaga o molybdenum e feso'ota'i ma le aofa'iga o le faʻaopopoina. O le faʻama'i o le molybdenum i le paʻu tetele,<0.8%, the effect of molybdenum is mild, which is to make the pearlite refinement, the content is the carburization stable element. It is generally believed that the role of manganese is to increase the amount of cast iron beads and improve the strength of cast iron. In fact, manganese is also multifaceted, when the content is high, it will make the graphite thick, thus reducing the strength of cast iron.